AUTOR(I): Pavle Antonijević
E-ADRESA: antantonijevic.pavle@gmail.com
DOI: 10.46793/LIPAR74.067A
SAŽETAK:
Rad ima za predmet analizu poslednja dva književna dela Džordža Orvela, Životinjsku farmu i 1984, iz ugla ispitivanja njegovih političkih uverenja. Dela o kojima je reč, ostala su obeležena prvenstveno kao oštre osude staljinizma i totalitarnih mehanizama vlasti, odnosno svojevrsna opomena potomstvu o mogućnostima potpunog pokoravanja slobode i individualnosti. Ipak, ovaj rad se ne bavi Orvelovom kritikom totalitarizma, već mu je cilj da preispita ona mesta u delu u kojima se mogu pratiti stavovi Džordža Orvela prema teorijskom socijalizmu, kao i njegov pogled na kapitalizam i liberalnu demokratiju. Paralelno su analizirani stavovi iz Životinjske farme i 1984, sa ciljem da se ispita da li je došlo do promene u književnom pristupu autora kada je reč o pomenutim temama, pri čemu je uzet u obzir različiti karakter ova dva dela. Uz Orvelova dela, kao primarne izvore, istraživanje se oslanja na noviju literaturu koja se bavi odnosom Džordža Orvela prema socijalizmu. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da je Orvel u oba književna dela, koja su bila predmet istraživanja, zadržao svoja politička uverenja, odnosno privrženost demokratskom socijalizmu. Ova doslednost, praćena kritikom kapitalizma, posebno je uočljiva u Životinjskoj farmi, usled drugačijeg karaktera tog dela, ali je ona prisutna i u 1984. Zaključak je da je Orvelovo delo, usled diskursa koji je tokom Hladnog rata formiran na Zapadu, pojednostavljivano, pri čemu nije u dovoljnoj meri naglašavana stvarna ideološka pozadina autora koja je bitno uticala na njegovo stvaralaštvo.
KLJUČNE REČI:
Džordž Orvel, Životinjska farma, Hiljadu devesto osamdeset četvrta, demokratski socijalizam, kapitalizam, staljinizam, liberalizam
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