KONCEPT `GATEKEEPERS` PREMA AKTU EU O DIGITALNIM TRŽIŠTIMA

XXI Majsko savetovanje (2025) SAVREMENO PRAVO U ERI DIGITALIZACIJE I ODRŽIVOG RAZVOJA (571-586 str.)

AUTOR(I) / AUTHOR(S): Mina Pavlović    

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DOI: 10.46793/XXIMajsko.571P

SAŽETAK / ABSTRACT:

Uključenost Evropske unije (u daljem tekstu: EU) u oblast digitalizacije i digitalne transformacije je već dobro poznata. Ne samo da su Evropska komisija, Savet EU i Evropski parlament tokom 2022. godine proglasili Evropsku Deklaraciju o digitalnim pravima i principima, već je iste godine na nivou EU donet (usvojen) tzv. „Paket digitalnih usluga“ (engl. Digital Service Package), podeljen na dva legislativna propisa: „Akt o digitalnim uslugama“ i „Akt o digitalnim tržištima“. Fokus ovog rada stavljen je na potonji pravni izvor, odnosno Uredbu (EU) 1925/2022 Evropskog parlamenta i Saveta od 14.09.2022. godine o konkurentnim i pravičnim tržištima u digitalnom sektoru i izmeni Direktive (EU) 1937/2019 i (EU) 1828/2020 (Akt EU o digitalnim tržištima). Ključne elemente polja primene Akta EU o digitalnim tržištima (u daljem tekstu: Akt EU) čine dva koncepta – „kontrolori pristupa“ (engl. gatekeepers) i „osnovne usluge platforme“ (engl. core platform services). Mada se pomenuti elementi u literaturi smatraju neodvojivim (koncepti blizanci, engl. twin concepts), autor se u ovom radu detaljnije bavi konceptom „kontrolora pristupa“ (engl. gatekeepers). U fokusu analize su uslovi koje, u smislu odredbi Akta EU, određena digitalna platforma treba da ispuni da bi stekla status „kontrolora pristupa“.

KLJUČNE REČI / KEYWORDS:

Akt EU o digitalnim tržištima (EU Digital Markets Act – DMA), digitalno tržište, „kontrolori pristupa“ (engl. Gatekeepers), digitalna transformacija, „osnovne usluge platforme“ (engl. core platform services-CPS).

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