Implementing pharmacopoeias in colonial empires: The British experience, 1864-1932

46th International Congress for the History of Pharmacy (2024) (стр. 7-13)

 

АУТОР / AUTHOR(S): Stuart Anderson

Download Full Pdf    

DOI: 10.46793/ISHP46.007A

САЖЕТАК / ABSTRACT:

The development and use of pharmacopoeias have now been extensively studied by scholars in many countries. Yet their adoption in the colonies of European and other imperial powers has received surprisingly little attention from researchers. Contributions by members of the International Society’s Working Group on the History of Pharmacopoeias have thrown some light on the issue, and a small number of studies have been carried out in particular colonies. This contribution outlines how insights from a review of experience in the colonies of other European imperial powers might inform a study of the development of pharmacopoeias in Britain and their implementation in its empire.

КЉУЧНЕ РЕЧИ / KEYWORDS:

ЛИТЕРАТУРА / REFERENCES:

  1. James Matthew Crawford, “An Imperial Pharmacopoeia?” in Drugs on the Page: Pharmacopoeias and Healing Knowledge in the Early Modern Atlantic World, edited by Matthew James Crawford and Joseph Gabriel (Pittsburgh PA:
    University of Pittsburgh Press, 2019), 63.
  2. Estatutes del Real Colegio de Professores Boticarios de Madrid, aprobados y confirmados por su Megestad, que Dios guarde (Statutes of the Royal College of Apothecary Professors of Madrid): Madrid: Imprenta Real, 1737.
  3. Antonio González Bueno, History of the Spanish Pharmacopoeias (International Society for the History of Pharmacy, 2022). https://histpharm.org.
  4. J.R. Pita, and A.L. Pereira, “The Beautiful Age of the First Portuguese Pharmacopoeia: 300 Years of Medicine in Beira Interior from Prehistory to the Twentieth Century,” Culture Notebooks XIX (2005): 74-82.
  5. João Rui Pita, Brief History of Portuguese Pharmacopoeias (18th-20th century) (International Society for the History of Pharmacy, 2022).
    https://histpharm.org.
  6. Madhusudan Joshi, “Pharmacy Profession in Goa during the Portuguese Period, 1842-1961,” Proceedings of World Congress of Pharmacy and
    Pharmaceutical Sciences (Lisbon, 2010), H4-03.
  7. Pieter van der Wielen, “De eerste Nederlandsche Pharmacopee,” Pharmaceutisch Weekblad 73 (1936): 545-64.
  8. Pieter Hendrik Vree, ‘“De Vermeerdering Onzer Kennis’: Bereiding en Onderzoek van Geneesmiddelen in Nederlandse Farmacopees (1851-1966),” Doctoral thesis (Leiden, the Netherlands: Leiden University, 2020), 20.
  9. Pieter van der Wielen, “De eerste Nederlandsche Pharmacopee,” Pharmaceutisch Weekblad 73 (1936): 545-64. Pieter Hendrik Vree, ‘“De
    Vermeerdering Onzer Kennis’: Bereiding en Onderzoek van Geneesmiddelen in Nederlandse Farmacopees (1851-1966),” Doctoral thesis (Leiden, the Netherlands: Leiden University, 2020), 20.
  10. Olivier Lafont, A Stroll through the Collections of Pharmacopoeias of the Order of Pharmacists in Paris (International Society for the History of Pharmacy, 2022). https://histpharm.org.
  11. Bruno Bonnemain, Pharmacopoeias in France after the French Revolution (International Society for the History of Pharmacy, 2022). https://histpharm.org
  12. Bruno Bonnemain, “Colonisation et Pharmacie, 1830-1962: Une Presence Diversifiee de 130 ans des Pharmaciens Francais,” Revue d’histoire de la Pharmacie 95 (2008): 311-334.
  13. Christoph Friedrich, German Pharmacopoeias (International Society for the History of Pharmacy, 2022). https://histpharm.org.
  14.  André Schön, Drugs and Poisons of the Former German Colonies in West and Southwest Africa at German Institutes, Doctoral thesis (Berlin: Freie Universitat Berlin, 2016).
  15. Josef Kettler, Arzeimittelverkehr und Apothekenwesen in den Deutschen Kolonien (Berlin, 1941), 75.
  16. Sabine Anagnostou, “Forming, Transfer, and Globalization of Medical-pharmaceutical Knowledge in Southeast Asian Missions,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 167 (2015): 78-85.
  17. Giovanni Cipriani, Italian Pharmacopoeias: A General Survey. https://histpharm.org.
  18. Raimondo Villano, Pharmacopoeias from the Ducky of Naples to Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. https://histpharm.org.
  19. Ernesto Riva, Pharmacopoeias in Veneto from the Fall of the Republic until Italian Unification. https://histpharm.org.
  20. Antonio Corvi, The Last Pharmacopoeias of the Italian States prior to Unification, 1853-1858 (International Society for the History of Pharmacy, 2022). https://histpharm.org.
  21. Poul R. Kruse, The History of the Danish Pharmacopoeias. https://histpharm.org.
  22. Niklas Thode Jensen, For the Health of the Enslaved: Slaves, Medicine and Power in the Danish West Indies, 1803-1848 (Copenhagen: Museum Tuscuanum Press, 2012), 206.
  23. E. Dam and A. Schæffer, De Danske Apotekers Historie (København: E. Munksgaards Forlag, 4; 1947), 687, 692-7.
  24. Charles Rice, “The study of Pharmacy,” The Pharmaceutical Era 13 (1895): 68.
  25. George Urdang, “Pharmacopoeias as Witnesses of World History,” Journal of the History of Medicine 1 (1946): 46-70.
  26. Stuart Anderson, “National Identities, Medical Politics, and Local Traditions,” in Drugs on the Page: Pharmacopoeias and Healing Knowledge in the Early Modern Atlantic World, edited by Matthew James Crawford and Joseph Gabriel (Pittsburgh PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2019), 199-221.
  27. Stuart Anderson, Pharmacy and Professionalization in the British Empire, 1780-1970 (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021), 189.
  28. Whitelaw Ainslie, Materia Medica of Hindoostan: and Artisan’s and Agriculturalist’s Nomenclature, (Madras: Government Press, 1813).
  29. George Clark, History of Royal College of Physicians of London, volume 2 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966), 660.
  30. W.B. O’Shaughnessy, The Bengal Pharmacopoeia and General Conspectus of Medicinal Plants (Calcutta: Bishop’s College Press, 1844).
  31. E.J. Waring, Pharmacopoeia of India (London: W.H. Allen, 1868).
  32. Harkishan Singh, Pharmacopoeias and Formularies, History of Pharmacy and Related Aspects, volume 1 (Delhi: Vallabh Prakashan, 1994), 62.
  33. Anthony C. Cartwright, The British Pharmacopoeia, 1864 to 2014: Medicines, International Standards, and the State (Farnham: Ashgate, 2015), 37.
  34. Indian and Colonial Addendum to the British Pharmacopoeia 1898 (London: General Medical Council, 1900).
  35. Indian and Colonial Addendum to British Pharmacopoeia 1898, Government of India edition (London: General Medical Council, 1901).
  36. Nandini Bhattacharya, Disparate Remedies (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2023), 72.
  37. The British Pharmacopoeia 1914 (London: The General Council of Medical Education and Registration of the United Kingdom, 1914), ix.
  38. Report of the Sub-Committee on the British Pharmacopoeia of the Committee of Civil Research, Cmd 3101 (London: HMSO, 1928) (Macmillan Report).
  39. The Indian Pharmacopoeial List 1946, (Calcutta: Government of India, 1946).
  40. Stuart Anderson, Pharmacopoeias, Drug Regulation, and Empires: Making Medicines Official in Britain’s Imperial World, 1618-1868 (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2024), 238.