XIV International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Environmental Protection – IIZS 2024, str. 120-127
АУТОР / AUTHOR(S): Eyüb Canli 
DOI: 10.46793/IIZS24.120C
САЖЕТАК / ABSTRACT:
Manifolds are key components regarding equal flow distribution for their outlets. They are simple in shape and cheap in economic terms, yet they are very effective on flow distribution control. On the other hand, nozzles generally operate in groups in serial or parallel configurations, and they need to be equally fed. Another solution for the nozzles is active flow control measures at each nozzle. However, sophisticated flow control solutions come with their complexity and high cost though they also offer better precision. Accordingly, flow distribution to nozzles by manifolds seems to be the simplest and low cost yet powerful solution. Designing manifolds may involve analytical solutions, empiricism, numerical analyses, and/or computational simulations. In the present paper, algebraic expressions of dimensionless ratio between nozzle feeding line diameter and the manifold diameter is sought for incompressible laminar flow in the nozzle feeding line. Nozzle outlets generally generate jets and therefore generate turbulence. However, most of the time, nozzle feeding lines have laminar flow due to small confinement and low rates of mass flow and therefore mean velocity. Analytical solution of friction factor for circular pipes with laminar flow is utilized together with mass balance and algebraic pressure drop equation in order to obtain algebraic expressions for diameter ratios of nozzle feeding line diameter and manifold diameter. The diameter ratios expressions are then used to foresee 1% variation of a measure, i.e., variation between mass flow rate of initial nozzle and last nozzle in an inline arrangement of multiple nozzles. Computational simulation data from a previous work is used for evaluating and assessing the algebraic expressions. The initial estimates of diameter ratios in the previous work were based on three different criteria, which were manifold flow velocity over nozzle feeding line velocity, manifold pressure drop over nozzle feeding line pressure drop, and initial nozzle mass flowrate over last nozzle mass flowrate. The results show that simple expressions with strong simplifications perform better than more complex expressions that lower the simplification levels. This unintuitive result is evaluated to be due to the nozzle feeding line inlet effects that invalidate the procedures for obtaining more complex expressions. Future studies are necessary to focus on the nozzle feeding line inlet for lowering energy consumption and obtaining better forecast ability.
КЉУЧНЕ РЕЧИ / KEYWORDS:
Diameter ratio, dimensionless expressions for design, flow control, mass flowrate variation, pressure drop
ЛИТЕРАТУРА / REFERENCES:
[1] Keller, J., The manifold problem, Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 16(1), pp. 77-85, 1949.
[2] Bianco, V., M. Szubel, B. Matras, M. Filipowicz, K. Papis, and S. Podlasek, CFD analysis and design optimization of an air manifold for a biomass boiler, Renewable Energy, Vol. 163, pp. 2018-2028, 2021.
[3] Abdulkadir, T.D., M.R. Mahadi, A. Wayayok, and M.S. Mohd Kassim, Optimization of vacuum manifold design for seeding of SRI seedling tray, Cogent Engineering, Vol. 6(1), pp. 1681245, 2019.
[4] Parobek, D.M., D.L. Boyer, G.A. Clinehens, and A.F.W.A.L.W.-P.A. OH. Development and Compatibility of Flow Seeding Techniques for LV Measurements in a Diversity of Research Test Flows, in 63rd Semi-Annual STA Meeting, 1985.
[5] Mudarisov, S., I. Badretdinov, Z. Rakhimov, R. Lukmanov, and E. Nurullin, Numerical simulation of two-phase “Air-Seed” flow in the distribution system of the grain seeder, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Vol. 168, pp. 105151, 2020.
[6] Binsirawanich, P., Mass flow sensor development for an air seeding cart. 2011, University of Saskatchewan.
[7] Shi, Q., X. Yao, Q. Liu, L. Qin, X. Ju, and C. Xu, An investigation on topologies of hybrid manifold, impinging-jet nozzle and micro-pin-fin heat sinks, Science China Technological Sciences, Vol. 67(4), pp. 1061-1076, 2024.
[8] Canli, E. CFD investigation of a manifold for equal distribution of fluid through inline nozzles, in 4th International Conference on Scientific and Academic Research ICSAR 2024, Konya, Türkiye, 2024.
[9] CANLI, E., A.H. ALTUN, and A. ATES, Hydrodynamic and Thermal Simultaneous Development in Pipes for All the Three Thermal Boundary Condition Types Using CFD, ICOLES 2021, Vol., pp. 57, 2021.
[10] Canlı, E., A. Ates, and Ş. Bilir, Developing turbulent flow in pipes and analysis of entrance region, Academic Platform-Journal of Engineering and Science, Vol. 9(2), pp. 332-353, 2021.
[11] Ceviz, A., E. Canli, A. Ates, and S. Bilir. Numerical scheme for dimensionless natural convection analysis of vertical pipe, in 23rd Congress on Thermal Science and Technology with International Participation (ULIBTK 2021), Gaziantep, Türkiye, 2021.