Превенција проблема у здравственом понашању деце предшколског узраста: импликације за праксу и истраживања

Дете, Култура, Образовање (2024), str. 39-60

 

АУТОР / AUTHOR(S): Марина Семиз, Слободан Павловић

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DOI: 10.46793/DKO24.02MS

САЖЕТАК / ABSTRACT:

Темељи за развој здравих животних стилова, навика и здравствено понашање постављају се у раном и предшколском узрасту, због чега све већу улогу имају програми превенције. Циљ овог истраживања је извођење педагошких препорука и импликација за будућа истраживања на основу анализе превентивних програма развијених за предупређивање и сузби- јање проблема у здравственом понашању деце предшколског узраста. Претра- гом кључних дескриптора – „предшколски превентивни програми”, „здрав- ствено и физичко васпитање”, „здравствено понашање” и „предшколска уста- нова” или „вртић” – у базама података ERIC, PubMed и Google Scholar обја- вљеним у периоду од 2014. до 2023. године утврђен је узорак истраживања (Н = 30). Примењене су метода теоријске анализе, техника анализе садржаја, а креиран је и посебан истраживачки инструмент – матрица анализе садржаја. Да би се појавили дугорочнији ефекти превентивних активности нужни су: заједничко деловање предшколске установе, породице и локалне заједнице; полазиште у креирању програма превенција треба да чине сазнања референт- них наука за разумевање проблема у здравственом понашању деце предшкол- ског узраста, као и превенције; примена разноврсних метода рада и облика учења који су прилагођени узрасту деце и социокултурним специфичностима окружења и установе, као и деловање на различите аспекте развоја и подручја васпитања деце предшколског узраста. У будућим истраживањима фокус треба померити ка одрживости и релеватности програма, као и евалуацији процеса примене превентивних програма.

КЉУЧНЕ РЕЧИ / KEYWORDS:

физичко и здравствено васпитање, превентивни програми, диверсификовани програми, ране интервенције, предшколска уста- нова.

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