АУТОР / AUTHOR(S): Anna Żemła-Siesicka 
, Michał Sobala
DOI: 10.46793/CSGE5.50AZS
САЖЕТАК / ABSTRACT:
The traditional mountain landscape connected with the seasonal mountain economy, such as pastoral function, was present in the Silesian Beskids (the Western Carpathians, Poland) since the 15th century. The location near the large towns (Bielsko-Biała and Żywiec) and Katowice conurbation encourages tourism development. In the Silesian Beskids, tourism was already present at the beginning of the 20th century, but rapid development of services and related tourist urbanization took place in the 1960s and continued to grow, particularly after the socio-economic transition in 1989. In the mountainous landscape of Silesian Beskids, the tourist infrastructure has been emerging, including significant dominants—new landmarks, such as large hotels or ski lift stations, changing the landscape’s character and type from the traditional landscape towards the tourismscapes.
The research conducted on the glades of Silesian Beskid, with particular emphasis on the most developed glades in Ustroń (Czantoria, Stokłosica, Równica), focuses on the tourism development process. The main goal was to answer the questions: 1) What is the degree of traditional landscape transformation influenced by tourist development? 2) What are the characteristic features and landmarks of the tourismscape on studied glades? and 3) What is the character of these landmarks (dominants, accents)?
The research included cartographic research aiming to assess the changes in the area of the tourist infrastructure and its influence on the landscape and the identification of the characteristic features and landmarks of pastoral and tourism landscapes in studied time-sections. The results show that the area of tourist elements has increased significantly. The number and type of elements are related to the degradation of landscape identity and aesthetics. The new landmarks, characteristic of tourist landscapes, often replace the remnants of past human activity that could be treated as cultural heritage, such as pastoral huts. The land use changed from pastoral to tourism function. This transformation is reflected in changes to the landscape’s characteristics and features (landmarks).
КЉУЧНЕ РЕЧИ / KEYWORDS:
tourism landscape; tourism landscape impact; tourism landmarks; tourism landscape features