Bi–Mn Cosubstitution Strategy in M-Type Barium Hexaferrite: Theoretical Basis for Nanostructure Control and FMR Frequency Tuning

АУТОР(И) / AUTHOR(S): Stanica Nedović , Milentije Luković , Milica Spasojević Savković and Vesna Veličković

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.46793/TIE26.307N

САЖЕТАК /ABSTRACT:

M-type barium hexaferrite (BaFe₁₂O₁₉, BaM) is a cornerstone material for permanent magnets, microwave absorbers, and electromagnetic interference shielding due to its high magnetocrystalline anisotropy, chemical stability, and low production cost. This paper presents a comprehensive theoretical framework for co-substituted nanostructured hexaferrites with the general formula BaBi_0.15Fe_11.85-xMn_xO₁₉, with which we aimed to establish a physical basis for four hypotheses on structural stabilization by Bi, magnetic sublattice redistribution by Mn, impedance-matched broadband microwave absorption, and optimization of the synthesis route, all that can be verified experimentally. The role of bismuth as a flux agent enabling low-temperature sintering and nanostructure stabilization is examined alongside the influence of manganese substitution on the magnetic sublattice redistribution described by Gorter’s collinear model. An overview and discussion of synthesis routes, ranging from conventional solid-state to sol-gel auto-combustion and green methods, is provided. The Bi-Mn co-substitution strategy is identified as a viable pathway toward magnetically tunable nanostructured absorbers with multi-resonance behavior in the 6-30 GHz microwave range.

КЉУЧНЕ РЕЧИ / KEYWORDS: 

barium hexaferrite; bismuth substitution; manganese doping; nanostructured ceramics; electromagnetic absorption; magnetic anisotropy

ПРОЈЕКАТ / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

This study was supported by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia, and these results are parts of the Grant No. 451-03-34/2026-03/200132 with University of Kragujevac – Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak.

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