Uticaj novog javnog menadžmeta na privatizaciju javnih službi

XXI vek – Usluge i prava korisnika (2020) str. 891-909

AUTOR(I): Zoran Jovanović

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DOI: 10.46793/UPK20.891J

SAŽETAK:

Javne usluge kojima se zadovoljava interes društvene zajednice u savremenim uslovima, pružaju upravne organizacije, tržišni subjekti ili upravna organizacija i privatni subjekt zajedno putem različitih aranžmana, sve u zavisnosti od opšteprihvaćene koncpecije uloge države u javnom upravljanju. Pojedine države, koje će biti predmet analize, zašle su daleko dublje u menadžerstvo nego druge zemlje, jer su vlade shvatile da nisu morale da pružaju robu i usluge građanima, ako nisu mogle da garantuju da će usluge biti pružene pravično, što je doprinelo brzoj i efikasnoj reformi javne službe. Država (uprava) postaje (ostaje) samo kordinator javnih politika koji obezbeđuje pravičnost u obezbeđivanju usluga građanima, a prestaje biti i njen neprikosnoveni neposredni izvršilac.

U radu autor analizira uticaj novog javnog menadžmenta na privatizaciju javnih službi u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama i u zemljama vestminsterskih sistema (Kanada, Velika Britanija i Australija). Privatno pružanje javnih usluga već je dugo deo efikasnog i efektivnog upravljanja u navedenim državama. U jeku reformi novog javnog menadžmenta koje su se širom sveta proširile od osamdesetih godina prošlog veka, pa nadalje, sve je veće interesovanje za privatno upravljanje i vlasništvo nad ključnim javnim službama na svim nivoima vlasti. Ključno pitanje za vlade koje razmatraju privatizaciju javnih usluga je da li privatne firme pružaju kvalitetnije usluge od svojih partnera u javnom sektoru. U poređenju sa performansama organizacija privatnog sektora, kvalitet rezultata koji pružaju javne službe je teško izmeriti i nadgledati u današnjim uslovima. Iz tih razloga se, ponekad, misli da privatne firme možda nemaju potrebne sposobnosti da se bave svim elementima efikasnog upravljanja javnim uslugama.

KLJUČNE REČI: 

novi javni menadžment, privatizacija javnih službi, javne usluge, tržišni subjekti, javna dobra, privatni sektor.

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