Otvorena pitanja i pedagoški paradoksi o igri i igračkama tokom hospitalizacije deteta

Savremeno predškolsko vaspitanje i obrazovanje – tendencije, izazovi i mogućnosti (2023) (101-124)

AUTOR(I) / AUTHOR(S): Marina Ž. Semiz

E-ADRESA / E-MAIL: semizmarina@pfu.kg.ac.rs

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DOI: 10.46793/SPVO23.101S

SAŽETAK / ABSTRACT:

U vremenima kada se govori o modernoj koncepciji detinjstva i nepovredivosti prava deteta na obrazovanje i igru aktuelizuju se brojna pitanja i pedagoški paradoksi u vezi sa igrom i igračkama tokom bolničkog lečenja deteta. Osnovni cilj rada jeste da se na osnovu relevantnih teorijskih i empirijskih saznanja i mera obrazovne i zdravstvene politike problematizuju i kritički razmotre uloga i suština igre i igračaka u uslovima hospitalizacije deteta. Pošli smo od pretpostavke da rezultati istraživanja o značaju igre i igračaka tokom hospitalizacije deteta nisu usaglašeni sa merama obrazovne i zdravstvene politike, na međunarodnom i nacionalnom nivou. Primenjena je metoda teorijske analize i tehnika analize sadržaja. Kreirana su dva istraživačka instrumenta – matrice analize sadržaja. Osnovne jedinice analize u selektovanim radovima (cilj, uzorak, dizajn i rezultati istraživanja) i legislativnim i strateškim dokumentima (mere i shvatanja o igri i igračkama) analizirane su primenom induktivnog kodiranja, s obzirom na definisane zadatke istraživanja. U analizu su uključena 24 naučna rada i 12 dokumenata obrazovne i zdravstvene politike. Rezultati analize istraživanja ukazuju da se igra i igračke tokom hospitalizacije deteta prvenstveno smatraju zdravstvenim resursom za prevazilaženje i ublažavanje negativnih psihosocijalnih efekata bolesti, pa tek potom i značajnim obrazovnim i vaspitnim resursom. U korpusu analiziranih dokumenata obrazovne i zdravstvene politike igra se prvenstveno shvata kao pravo i potreba  deteta i važan zdravstveni resurs. Uviđa se potreba za kreiranjem strateških dokumenata i unapređivanjem postojećih legislativnih dokumenata kao mere javne, odnosno društvene podrške igri i njenim pedagoških vrednostima tokom hospitalizacije deteta.

KLJUČNE REČI / KEYWORDS:

obrazovna politika, zdravstvena politika, terapeutska igra, zdravstvene ustanove, vaspitanje.

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