Comprehensive Study on the Impact of Low-Temperature Environments on the Performance and Safety of Lithium-Ion Batteries

3rd International Conference on Chemo and BioInformatics, Kragujevac, September 25-26. 2025. (pp. 211-218) 

 

АУТОР(И) / AUTHOR(S): Yang Dong, Haoran Kong, Ma Ruibo, Quan Yuan

 

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DOI:  10.46793/ICCBIKG25.211D

САЖЕТАК / ABSTRACT:

This study investigates the structural evolution, safety behavior, and electrochemical performance degradation of 18650 lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) under low-temperature aging. Experiments were conducted at temperatures ranging from -20°C to 0°C using adiabatic accelerated calorimetry (ARC), computed tomography (CT), and electrochemical testing. Results indicate that low-temperature aging reduces thermal stability, lowers self-heating thresholds (e.g., from 52°C to 42°C at 0°C), and accelerates thermal runaway initiation. Microstructural analysis reveals lattice distortion in electrodes, lithium dendrite formation, and unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layers. Electrochemical tests demonstrate severe capacity attenuation (e.g., 88% at 3C discharge rate under -20°C) and increased internal resistance. These findings provide critical insights for optimizing battery design and thermal management systems in extreme climates.

КЉУЧНЕ РЕЧИ / KEYWORDS:

Lithium-ion battery; Low-temperature aging; Structural evolution; Thermal runaway; Electrochemical performance

ПРОЈЕКАТ / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

This research was supported by the Ningbo major special project of the Plan “Science and technology innovation 2035” (2024Z250) Ningbo University of Technology College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project. The authors thank the laboratory technicians for their assistance.

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