XXI Majsko savetovanje (2025) SAVREMENO PRAVO U ERI DIGITALIZACIJE I ODRŽIVOG RAZVOJA (805-819 str.)
AUTOR(I) / AUTHOR(S): Milica Marinković 
DOI: 10.46793/XXIMajsko.805M
SAŽETAK / ABSTRACT:
Rudarenje kriptovaluta predstavlja značajan ekološki izazov zbog prekomerne potrošnje električne energije, visokog nivoa elektronskog otpada i značajnog ugljeničkog otiska. Najveći problemi vezani za ovu aktivnost uključuju energetsku neodrživost, posebno kod kriptovaluta zasnovanih na Proof-of-Work (PoW) mehanizmu, koji zahtevaju računarsku snagu velikih razmera, što dovodi do potrošnje energije uporedive sa celim državama. Osim toga, brza zastarelost rudarske opreme generiše ogromne količine elektronskog otpada, dok emisije CO₂ iz fosilnih izvora energije doprinose klimatskim promenama i šteti po zdravlje ljudi kroz povećanje zagađenja vazduha.
U cilju ublažavanja ovih problema, Evropska unija kroz Zeleni dogovor teži klimatskoj neutralnosti, što uključuje i regulisanje energetski intenzivnih industrija poput kripto rudarenja. Francuska je, na primer, usvojila Loi REEN (Régulation Énergie Électronique et Numérique), koji ograničava energetski otisak digitalnih tehnologija, uključujući i kriptovalute. Iako ovi propisi nisu direktno zabranili PoW rudarenje, oni postavljaju okvire za energetsku efikasnost i održivost, što može dovesti do strožih mera u budućnosti. Ova istraživanja ukazuju na potrebu za prelazak na ekološki održivije alternative, kao što su Proof- of-Stake (PoS) blokčejn, kako bi se smanjio uticaj kriptovaluta na životnu sredinu.
KLJUČNE REČI / KEYWORDS:
kriptovalute, blokčejn, proof-of-work, proof-of-stake, održivost.
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