Da li nam treba više ambicije za tranziciju na obnovljive izvore u Srbiji? Temelji upravljanja i planiranja energije

Energija, ekonomija, ekologija, 3, 2021, (str. 1-9)

AUTOR(I): Varvara Aleksić, Ilija Batas Bjelić

E-ADRESA: aleksic_varvara@phd.ceu.edu, ilija.batas-bjelic@itn.sanu.ac.rs

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DOI: 10.46793/EEE21-3.01A

SAŽETAK:

Obnovljiva energija je predložena kao primarni pristup za dekarbonizaciju energetskog sistema i razdvajanje potrošnje energije od emisije gasova sa efektom staklene bašte, kako u energetskoj literaturi, tako i u praksi. Evropska unija je prepoznala izazov i postavila tranziciju na obnovljive izvore energije visoko na dnevni red svojih politike, sa najnovijom ambicijom da do 2050. godine bude ugljenično-neutralna ekonomija. Sa druge strane, države Zapadnog Balkana i dalje zavise od fosilnih goriva kao jednog od glavnih izvora u energetskom miksu. Ambicija za tranziciju na obnovljive izvore energije u državama Zapadnog Balkana, uključujući i Srbiju, uglavnom je vođena težnjama ka njihovoj evropskoj budućnosti. Štaviše, potpisivanje Ugovora o Energetskoj zajednici pružilo je institucionalne i pravne alate kako ugovornim stranama, tako i Evropskoj uniji za izgradnju zajedničkog energetskog tržišta. Ovi procesi inspirisali su mnoge autore u poslednje dve decenije da analiziraju tehničke, ekonomske, tržišne i životno-sredinske aspekte obnovljivih izvora, međutim, upravljanje i planiranje, iako identifikovani kao izazovni, izostali iz detaljnije analize. Ovaj rad ima za cilj da prikaže pregled odabrane literature i zakonodavstva o tranziciji na obnovljive izvore energije, kako bi se analizirala glavna pravna i politička postignuća, kao i ambicije za tranziciju u Srbiji. Takođe, u radu se raspravlja o lekcijama naučenim iz relevantne literature kroz prizmu upravljanja energijom i planiranja. Prvi deo rada daje pregled literature glavnih koncepata tranzicije na obnovljive izvore energije. Istorijska analiza politika i prava obnovljivih izvora energije u Evropskoj uniji, Energetskoj zajednici i Srbiji je u fokusu drugog dela. U poslednjem delu, rezimiraju se lekcije naučene iz literature za buduće upravljanje i planiranje energije kroz perspektive procesa energetskog planiranja, evaluacije politika i obrazovanja i administrativnih kapaciteta. U zaključku se ističe važnost postojećih nalaza iz literature kao budućih koraka ka ubrzanom upravljanju i planiranju energije.

KLJUČNE REČI:

tranzicija na obnovljive izvore energije, energetsko upravljanje i planiranje, energetska politika i pravo, Srbija

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