OD UVERENJA NASTAVNIKA O DAROVITIM UČENICIMA KA POZITIVNOM OBRAZOVANJU DAROVITIH

Uzdanica XX, vanredni broj (2023), (str. 143-161)

AUTOR(I): Jelena S. Starčević, Bojana M. Dimitrijević

E-ADRESA: jelena.starcevic@pefja.kg.ac.rs

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DOI: 10.46793/Uzdanica20.S.143S

SAŽETAK:

U radu se uporedo razmatraju dve značajne teme koje smatramo relevantnim za oblast pozitivnog obrazovanja: intelektualna darovitost i uverenja nastavnika o intelektualno darovitima. Pozitivno obrazovanje oslanja se na kognitivne i nekognitivne snage učenika i teži da doprinese ostvarivanju visokih akademskih postignuća i doživljaju dobrobiti. Nastavnici koji ne razumeju karakteristike intelektualno darovitih mogu doprineti podbacivanju i doživljaju nezadovoljstva u obrazovnom kontekstu, što se između ostalog može dovesti u vezu sa fenomenom samoispunjavajućeg proročanstva. U ovom radu se nalazi istraživanja o nastavničkim uverenjima o nekognitivnim odlikama darovitih učenika, o statusu darovitih u vršnjačkoj grupi i odnosu sa nastavnicima, porede sa nalazima empirijskih istraživanja sprovedenih sa darovitima i njihovim vršnjacima. Poređenje ukazuje na to da nastavnici u pogledu određenih dimenzija ličnosti vrše adekvatne procene – kada darovite opažaju kao otvorenije za iskustva, jednake savesnosti i niže saradljivosti. Nasuprot tome, nastavnici darovitima neadekvatno pripisuju svojstva kao što je povišen neuroticizam i introvertnost. Nalazi o percepciji odnosa darovitih učenika sa vršnjacima i nastavnicima, slično, ukazuju na doživljaj darovitih kao neprilagođenih i sa problemima u socioemocionalnom domenu. Promena percepcije od viđenja darovitosti kao vulnerabilnosti ka viđenju darovitosti kao resursa (ali i obogaćivanje ove percepcije) doprinela bi kompetencijama nastavnika za podsticanje svih aspekata razvoja darovitih učenika, povećala verovatnoću da daroviti imaju zadovoljavajuće odnose sa nastavnicima i pozitivnije iskustvo obrazovanja uopšte.

KLJUČNE REČI:

darovitost, nastavnička uverenja, pretpostavka o harmoniji, pretpostavka o disharmoniji, status darovitih u vršnjačkoj grupi, odnos darovitih i nastavnika, pozitivno obrazovanje

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