AUTOR(I): Igor Shesho, Monika Uler-Zefikj, Risto Filkoski, Done Tashevski
E-ADRESA: igor.seso@mf.edu.mk
DOI: 10.46793/EEE22-2.40S
SAŽETAK:
Današnje energetske krize karakteriše njihov intenzitet, odnosno one za kratko vreme mogu izazvati značajne posledice na privredu i život u celini. Uticaji energetske krize se uglavnom ogledaju indirektno kroz neravnotežu u proizvodnji električne energije, koja je glavna komponenta i temelj svih društveno-ekonomskih procesa. Pored toga, trenutna koincidencija energetske krize (visoke cene prirodnog gasa) sa grejnom sezonom otkriva i naglašava značaj energije za grejanje. Cilj ovog rada je da analizira ulogu, prednosti i nedostatke postojećih sistema daljinskog grejanja sa kogeneracionim elektranama (CHP), kao važne karike u elektroenergetskom sistemu zemlje, posebno u vremenima energetskih kriza. U analizama se kao referentni sistem razmatra sistem daljinskog grejanja u Skoplju, Republika Severna Makedonija. Ocena uticaja na fluktuacija u potrošnji toplote u sistemu daljinskog grejanja na elektroenergetski sistem, vrši se korišćenjem simulacionog softvera za energetsko modeliranje sistema daljinskog grejanja u Skoplju, u vezi sa podacima za godišnju (časovnu) potrošnju električne energije. Dodatna ekonomska procena se sprovodi kako bi se utvrdila troškovna konkurentnost sistema daljinskog grejanja sa drugim individualnim tehnologijama grejanja koje su dostupne u urbanim sredinama. Rezultati pokazuju da su sistemi daljinskog grejanja sa kogeneracijskim elektranama u gusto naseljenim urbanim sredinama troškovno optimalan sistem grejanja i izuzetno važna karika u energetskom lancu zemlje, koja obezbeđuje energetsku stabilnost, uz potencijalne posledice u slučaju dužih (ne)predviđenih prekida rada.
KLJUČNE REČI:
energetske krize, sistemi daljinskog grejanja, simulacija, kogeneracijske elektrane
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